News
ASTM Approves Children's Jewelry Safety Standard
发布时间：2014-09-28 17:53:00 点击：
On November 1, 2011, ASTM International approved ASTM F2923-11, “Children’s Jewelry Safety Standard,” that includes strict cadmium limits in children’s metal and plastic jewelry. The test method and limits were adopted from the US Consumer Product Safety Commission’s (CPSC) migratable content limit for cadmium in children’s metal jewelry. The new ASTM standard also addresses other possible hazards in children’s jewelry, including magnets, batteries, nickel, lead in paint and substrates, and other heavy metals in surface coatings.
ASTM expects to have the standard available for purchase on November 7, 2011.
Background
The scope of the standard applies to “children’s jewelry,” which is defined as jewelry designed or intended primarily for use by children 12 years old and under. The standard includes both fine and fashion jewelry, but not toy jewelry. The standard is intended to cover many known hazards with children’s jewelry, but it does not purport to cover every conceivable hazard.
Summary of the Chemical Requirements
Lead in Substrates
• Materials must not exceed 100 ppm total lead, excluding those materials listed in 16 CFR 1500.91 (e.g., textiles, wood, precious metals, precious stones, animal-derived and plant-derived materials), which is consistent with the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA).
Soluble Heavy Metals in Surface Coatings
• Requires testing and compliance which is consistent with the soluble heavy metal requirements of surface coatings on toys as specified in toys standards of ASTM F963 and EN71:3 with maximum levels as follows:
-- 60 ppm Antimony -- 60 ppm Chromium
-- 25 ppm Arsenic -- 60 ppm Mercury
-- 1000 ppm Barium -- 500 ppm Selenium
-- 75 ppm Cadmium
Cadmium in Metal and Plastic Substrate Materials
• Metal and plastic/polymeric components must meet migratable limits for cadmium, if they fail an initial screen for total cadmium content. Materials that contain 300 ppm or less total cadmium do not need to be tested for migratable cadmium. Components that exceed the 300 ppm total screening limit must meet the following migratable or soluble limits:
-- Components that are small parts must meet the following requirements:
• Plastics shall be tested using the EN71:3 test method and shall not exceed 75 ppm.
• Metals shall be tested using the CPSC method CPSC-CH-E1004-11 and shall not exceed 200 µg.
This method requires an intact component to be suspended in a flask with a certain volume of 0.07N
hydrochloric acid, and then placed in a 37°C shaker bath for 24 hours.
-- Components that are not small parts but may be mouthed are tested to a modified version of the CPSC
Standard Operating Procedure for Measuring Lead in Children’s Metal Jewelry, February 3, 2005,
Section II. The modification includes an extraction conducted for six hours at 37°C in a shaker bath.
The extracted cadmium shall not exceed 18 µg.
Nickel in Metal Materials
• Metal components must meet migratable nickel limits, which are consistent with BS EN 1811:2011; EN
12472, as follows:
-- Post assemblies for children’s jewelry which are inserted into pierced ears and other pierced parts of
the human body shall not exceed 0.2 µg/cm2/week.
-- All other jewelry intended to come into direct and prolonged contact with the skin shall not exceed
0.5 µg/cm2/week.
Liquid Filled Jewelry
• Children’s jewelry should not contain any materials listed in 16 CFR 1500.231 or materials which would require special labeling under 16 CFR 1500.14. Permitted liquids in liquid filled children’s jewelry should be screened to eliminate potential hazards in accordance with ASTM F963.
-- The cleanliness of cosmetics, liquids, pastes, putties, gels, and powders used in children’s jewelry
(excluding art materials) shall meet the ASTM F963 requirement.
-- The formulations of cosmetics used in children’s jewelry shall be evaluated for potential
microbiological degradation, or they shall be tested for microbial control and preservative effectiveness
as determined in ASTM F963.
Summary of the Mechanical Requirements
Most of the mechanical requirements are based on hazards addressed in the ASTM F963 Toy Safety Standard.
Magnets
• The magnet requirements reference the requirements in ASTM F963 and address the potential hazard of ingesting magnets that release from a product.
• Hazardous magnets are banned unless the product is for children over 8 years of age and contains proper warning.
• Earrings that use magnets to attach across the skin require a warning to avoid extended use and to use only as intended.
Strangulation
• To address potential strangulation hazards, necklaces must release under tension via a breakaway feature, or release of the clasp or chain.
• According to the test method, the chain is looped around a pulley and a fixed rod is used to apply the breakaway tensile force.
Earring Embedment
• It is recommended that manufacturers design the backing of children’s earrings to be large enough to decrease the risk of the earring becoming embedded in the child’s ear, particularly resulting from first time piercings.
• A warning label is also recommended to inspect a child’s ears for signs of embedding occurring.
Batteries
• Children’s jewelry containing batteries are subject to requirements that mirror the battery requirements in ASTM F963.
ASTM expects to have the standard available for purchase on November 7, 2011.
Background
The scope of the standard applies to “children’s jewelry,” which is defined as jewelry designed or intended primarily for use by children 12 years old and under. The standard includes both fine and fashion jewelry, but not toy jewelry. The standard is intended to cover many known hazards with children’s jewelry, but it does not purport to cover every conceivable hazard.
Summary of the Chemical Requirements
Lead in Substrates
• Materials must not exceed 100 ppm total lead, excluding those materials listed in 16 CFR 1500.91 (e.g., textiles, wood, precious metals, precious stones, animal-derived and plant-derived materials), which is consistent with the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA).
Soluble Heavy Metals in Surface Coatings
• Requires testing and compliance which is consistent with the soluble heavy metal requirements of surface coatings on toys as specified in toys standards of ASTM F963 and EN71:3 with maximum levels as follows:
-- 60 ppm Antimony -- 60 ppm Chromium
-- 25 ppm Arsenic -- 60 ppm Mercury
-- 1000 ppm Barium -- 500 ppm Selenium
-- 75 ppm Cadmium
Cadmium in Metal and Plastic Substrate Materials
• Metal and plastic/polymeric components must meet migratable limits for cadmium, if they fail an initial screen for total cadmium content. Materials that contain 300 ppm or less total cadmium do not need to be tested for migratable cadmium. Components that exceed the 300 ppm total screening limit must meet the following migratable or soluble limits:
-- Components that are small parts must meet the following requirements:
• Plastics shall be tested using the EN71:3 test method and shall not exceed 75 ppm.
• Metals shall be tested using the CPSC method CPSC-CH-E1004-11 and shall not exceed 200 µg.
This method requires an intact component to be suspended in a flask with a certain volume of 0.07N
hydrochloric acid, and then placed in a 37°C shaker bath for 24 hours.
-- Components that are not small parts but may be mouthed are tested to a modified version of the CPSC
Standard Operating Procedure for Measuring Lead in Children’s Metal Jewelry, February 3, 2005,
Section II. The modification includes an extraction conducted for six hours at 37°C in a shaker bath.
The extracted cadmium shall not exceed 18 µg.
Nickel in Metal Materials
• Metal components must meet migratable nickel limits, which are consistent with BS EN 1811:2011; EN
12472, as follows:
-- Post assemblies for children’s jewelry which are inserted into pierced ears and other pierced parts of
the human body shall not exceed 0.2 µg/cm2/week.
-- All other jewelry intended to come into direct and prolonged contact with the skin shall not exceed
0.5 µg/cm2/week.
Liquid Filled Jewelry
• Children’s jewelry should not contain any materials listed in 16 CFR 1500.231 or materials which would require special labeling under 16 CFR 1500.14. Permitted liquids in liquid filled children’s jewelry should be screened to eliminate potential hazards in accordance with ASTM F963.
-- The cleanliness of cosmetics, liquids, pastes, putties, gels, and powders used in children’s jewelry
(excluding art materials) shall meet the ASTM F963 requirement.
-- The formulations of cosmetics used in children’s jewelry shall be evaluated for potential
microbiological degradation, or they shall be tested for microbial control and preservative effectiveness
as determined in ASTM F963.
Summary of the Mechanical Requirements
Most of the mechanical requirements are based on hazards addressed in the ASTM F963 Toy Safety Standard.
Magnets
• The magnet requirements reference the requirements in ASTM F963 and address the potential hazard of ingesting magnets that release from a product.
• Hazardous magnets are banned unless the product is for children over 8 years of age and contains proper warning.
• Earrings that use magnets to attach across the skin require a warning to avoid extended use and to use only as intended.
Strangulation
• To address potential strangulation hazards, necklaces must release under tension via a breakaway feature, or release of the clasp or chain.
• According to the test method, the chain is looped around a pulley and a fixed rod is used to apply the breakaway tensile force.
Earring Embedment
• It is recommended that manufacturers design the backing of children’s earrings to be large enough to decrease the risk of the earring becoming embedded in the child’s ear, particularly resulting from first time piercings.
• A warning label is also recommended to inspect a child’s ears for signs of embedding occurring.
Batteries
• Children’s jewelry containing batteries are subject to requirements that mirror the battery requirements in ASTM F963.
Add: Room601-82-13, North Block of Cangsong Building, Tairan Six Road, Chegongmiao, Futian District, Shenzhen City.Tel：0755-23625288
Copyright 2012 Shenzhen Huayang Testing Technology Co., Ltd. 粤ICP备4155222
By:Firesuns.com（Technical support）